What signs might indicate a child is experiencing a panic attack?

When a child experiences a panic attack, physical symptoms are often prominent and distressing, which can include hyperventilation and heart palpitations. Hyperventilation occurs when the child breathes rapidly and deeply, leading to a disruption in the balance of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the body. This can result in feelings of lightheadedness or dizziness. Heart palpitations, characterized by an increased heart rate, can give the sensation of the heart racing or pounding, which significantly contributes to the sense of fear and anxiety often felt during a panic attack.

These symptoms are direct responses to the body's fight-or-flight mechanism, triggered by acute stress or perceived danger. It's essential to recognize these signs as they may require immediate supportive measures to help the child regain control and feel safe again.

In contrast, excessive tiredness, increased motor activity, lethargy, and decreased responsiveness typically indicate other conditions or states such as fatigue, anxiety, depression, or potentially even more severe medical issues rather than a panic attack specifically. Therefore, the combination of hyperventilation and heart palpitations serves as key indicators of a panic attack in children.