When is a pediatric patient categorized as 'SICK' in the PAT assessment?

In the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT), a pediatric patient is categorized as 'SICK' when there are two or more alterations present. This assessment tool is designed to give a quick visual and auditory assessment of the child's appearance, work of breathing, and circulation to the skin.

When a child presents with two or more significant alterations in these areas, it indicates that the child may be experiencing a serious medical condition that requires immediate intervention. For instance, changes in appearance could signal an altered level of consciousness, while an increased work of breathing might suggest respiratory distress. Additionally, compromised circulation could manifest through abnormal skin color or temperature.

If the patient shows no alterations in PAT, this would imply a stable presentation, indicating that they are less likely to be acutely ill. Having all vital signs stable also suggests that the patient is not in a critical state.

Thus, the proper categorization of a pediatric patient as 'SICK' necessitates identifying at least two alterations in the PAT, signaling the need for prompt assessment and treatment.